Social Harm Is More Advantageous And Useful Over That Of...

What advantage does a concept of ‘social harm’ hold for the criminologist over that of ‘crime’? The purpose of this essay is to discuss whether a perspective of social harm is more advantageous and useful over that of crime. In order to explore these advantages, this essay will look at the aetiology of crime from a legal perspective; which is arguably very narrow and individualistic in nature. As well as from a perspective of social harm, which is possibly more progressive as it broadens an understanding of ‘crime’ over that of many other serious harms. Criminology and the criminal justice system have framed a â€Å"taken-for-granted, common-sense† understanding of ‘crime’ and the ‘criminal’ (Tierney, 2010). ‘Crime’ is commonly understood as a violation of the criminal law; originating from religion and the sin of God and then moving towards Classicalism. Classicalism rests on the assumption of free will and recognises rational choice of the individual. It influences much of our system of justice today; especially aspects of due process. It argues that criminality is therefore part of nature; and order is maintained through law and punishments. We can see this through Beccaria’s approach of certainty, celerity and severity (Beccaria, cited in Newburn, 2013, pp116). Positivism, associated with theorists such as Lombroso, offered more of a scientific approach in identifying the causes of crime and could recognise impaired ability such as mental illness. It argues that ‘crimeà ¢â‚¬â„¢ isShow MoreRelatedEssay on Staying Safe from Cyber-Crime1442 Words   |  6 Pageswhen it came to those interested in the secrets of another, usually it began in trash cans. Picture a person digging and crawling through garbage for something thrown away that can be useful for the criminal and compromising to the victim. Nonetheless the world evolved, and with it so did personal security crimes. 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